Amount of subcutaneous fat
- The amount of subcutaneous fat is the total value of the thickness of subcutaneous fat measured at seven locations on the body.and is used to estimate body fat percentage and assess obesity.
- C-type mutation in DNA region rs1482853Research has found that people with
- The amount of subcutaneous fatEpidemiological research, clinical practice, sports scienceIt is used to evaluate the health status and condition of athletes.
Overview Subcutaneous fat mass is a measure of the thickness of subcutaneous fat measured at multiple points on the body. This measurement is primarily used to estimate body fat percentage and evaluate fat distribution and obesity. Standard measurement sites include the triceps, biceps, subscapularis, supralumbar region, abdomen, thighs, and calves, which are precisely measured using a specialized instrument called a subcutaneous fat caliper. A trained practitioner uses calipers to pinch the skin and underlying subcutaneous fat and measure the thickness of the bilayer, which does not include muscle, to the nearest millimeter. Adding these measurements together gives you an overall estimate of your body's fat content. This technique requires expertise to ensure accuracy and consistency, especially since it takes into account differences in body fat distribution due to age, gender, and environment. Subcutaneous fat mass is a useful tool in epidemiological studies, clinical practice, and sports science, providing information about health status, risk of certain diseases, and athlete conditioning. However, it is important to consider it in conjunction with other measurements and health indicators to comprehensively assess an individual's health status. A study by Urbanek et al. at the University of Chicago revealed that the amount of subcutaneous fat is associated with a DNA region called rs1482853. There are three genotypes in this DNA region: CC, CA, and AA, and it was found that people with the C genotype tend to have a large amount of subcutaneous fat.
What is the amount of subcutaneous fat?
Subcutaneous fat mass is an anthropometric index that indicates the total thickness of subcutaneous fat measured at multiple points on the body.It is used to estimate body fat percentage, fat distribution pattern, and evaluate obesity degree.
How to measure subcutaneous fat?
Measuring subcutaneous fat isCaliper for subcutaneous fatThis is done using specialized equipment.
- Measurement site:7 areas: triceps, biceps, subscapularis, upper hipbone, abdomen, thighs, and calves
- Measurement method:A skilled performer pinches the skin and subcutaneous fat and measures the thickness of the bilayer, which does not include muscle, to the nearest millimeter.
- Evaluation method:Add up measurements from each region to get an overall estimate of your body's fat content
Why is the amount of subcutaneous fat important?
The amount of subcutaneous fat is widely used in the following fields:
- Epidemiological research:Evaluation of obesity trends and health risks at the population level
- Clinical site:Determining individual health status and risk of specific diseases
- Sports science:Athlete body composition monitoring and condition management
Accurate measurements require specialized knowledge, as differences in body fat distribution due to age, gender, and environment are taken into account. In order to comprehensively evaluate an individual's health status, it is important to evaluate it in conjunction with other indicators such as BMI and body fat percentage.
Difference between subcutaneous fat and visceral fat
| Comparison items | subcutaneous fat | visceral fat |
|---|---|---|
| Accumulation site | just under the skin | around internal organs |
| Measurement method | caliper method | CT/MRI |
| health risks | Increased burden on joints due to excessive accumulation | Diabetes/Cardiovascular Disease Risk |
| ease of decrease | Relatively hard to decrease | Relatively easy to lose with exercise |
| genetic influence | rs1482853 etc. are involved | Another gene region involved |
Relationship between genes and subcutaneous fat amount
Relationship between DNA region rs1482853 and subcutaneous fat amount
A study by Urbanek et al. (2013) at the University of Chicago revealed that the DNA region rs1482853 is associated with the amount of subcutaneous fat.
- There are three genotypes of rs1482853: CC, CA, and AA.
- Genotype with type C mutationPeople with this condition tend to have a large amount of subcutaneous fat.
Genotype distribution in Japanese (rs1482853)
| Genotype | Percentage of Japanese people | percentage of the world |
|---|---|---|
| CC type | 28.9％ | 37.8％ |
| CA type | 49.7％ | 47.3％ |
| AA type | 21.3％ | 14.7％ |
Rationale for testing
Body surface DNA region: amount of subcutaneous fat
The gene region that most strongly influences the amount of subcutaneous fat is rs1482853. The distribution of isomorphic genotypes in Japan is as follows.
- CC 28.9 %
- CA 49.7 %
- AA 21.3 %
Basis for inspection
A study by Urbanek et al. at the University of Chicago revealed that the amount of subcutaneous fat is related to genes.There is a region called rs1482853 in the human genome, and there are two types of mutations, C and A, in the gene in that region. It was found that people with type C mutation tend to have a large amount of subcutaneous fat.
The DNA region investigated this time
Schematic diagram of DNA map present in cells
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Related genes
| Related genes | LEKR1 |
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Frequently asked questions (FAQ)
Q1. What is the amount of subcutaneous fat?
The amount of subcutaneous fat is the total value of the thickness of subcutaneous fat measured at multiple points on the body (7 locations such as the triceps, subscapularis, and abdomen).An anthropometric index used to estimate body fat percentage and evaluate obesity.
Q2. Is the amount of subcutaneous fat related to genes?
According to a study by Urbanek et al. (2013) at the University of Chicago,DNA region rs1482853 is associated with the amount of subcutaneous fatIt turns out that. People with the C genotype tend to have more subcutaneous fat.
Q3. How to measure subcutaneous fat?
Caliper for subcutaneous fatUsing a specialized instrument, a skilled practitioner pinches the skin and subcutaneous fat and measures the thickness of the double layer, which does not include muscle, in millimeters. There are seven standard measurement locations.
Q4. What is the distribution of genotype rs1482853 in Japanese people?
The genotype distribution of rs1482853 in Japanese people isCC type 28.9%, CA type 49.7%, AA type 21.3%It is. Worldwide, 37.8% are CC type, 47.3% are CA type, and 14.7% are AA type, and the proportion of Japanese people with AA type tends to be higher than the world average.
References
- Reference link 1: 2013 Sep., Margrit Urbanek, Hum Mol Genet